JOY

Joy Starts Here[1] The Transformation Zone.
A small summary of the Book by E. James Wilder

Joy is the birthright of the followers of Jesus and the deepest desire of the human brain.

"I am coming to you now, but I say these things while I am still in the world, so that they may have the full measure of My joy within them" John 17: 13NLT

We are designed for a joyful identity. Anything less and we become unhappy people.

We do not have to develop an appetite in others for joy, joy is what everyone wants!!



Ed’s story:
Despite my training, what I did not realize was that I was still miss­ing a very important joyful foundation for my life, identity, relation­ships and ministry.
First, while joyful, "we're glad to be together" experiences, seem to happen spontaneously, I had no idea how to intentionally grow joy personally or grow joyful bonds with my wife and daughter.
Second, I was missing significant "return to joy skills." While I was motivated by compassion, I still had no idea how to stay relationally connected or repair relational ruptures when bad things happened, especially when failure or intense negative emotions were involved.

The old voices of contempt, humiliation and shame fol­lowed me as an adult and made it hard to have much grace or mercy for my own mistakes.
Third, I was still strongly motivated by the need to perform and excel to avoid shame. What I discovered was that the message to perform and not fail was stronger than my relational con­nections to joy.

Finally, my training helped me learn to help hurting people spot their wounds, problems and denial. This meant that I was more skilled at helping them discover the negative than I was at help­ing them rebuild an identity focused on life-giving joy.
I was unable to give others what I did not have personally.

I finally came to a point at which I was desperate for something new. I realized that most of the work I did in churches and in secular environments with addicts and trauma was not producing the kind of results I hoped to see. Broken relationships, divorce, loneliness, jail, prison, AIDS and death were the fruit of relapse for too many precious lives for which I cared deeply. I knew the training, programs, techniques and strategies most of us used were not as effective as we wanted. I was also desperate for something that would bring joy to my own life and allow me to fully and deeply express the compassionate  heart for the hurting that Jesus had given me.
I experienced a significant disability as the result of a chronic, painful and incurable disease, and I lost my marriage. For years I was unable to work until, on a missionary trip to Spain, God healed me enough so that I no longer needed to use a wheelchair. It was then that I met Maritza and soon after I heard Jim Wilder teach the Life Model[2] explaining joy and describing the effects of both joy and trau­ma on the brain. I knew I had finally found the piece that had been missing from my life and from addiction and trauma recovery. Joy was powerful and could be learned, practiced and applied relationally to help hurting people heal from the devastation of broken relationships, addictions and trauma. My mind felt like it was exploding with new possibilities, ideas and designs for support groups and treatment.
More importantly, when Maritza and I were married, we commit­ted to build strong joy bonds together as a foundation for our lives.

We became intentional about practicing joy together. I was delighted to finally learn the "return to joy together" skills I had been missing. I discovered that as my identity was rooted in joy, my compassion and ministry stopped killing me. Joyful skills entered our lives and family as we shared the message of joyful recovery with others. It was exactly this joyful recovery that had brought me to the worst neighborhood in Brazil.

What is a joyful identity?
The signature of real joy is the sparkle in someone's eye when they see us that makes their face light up. This is exactly what Ed felt when his mom looked at him with a smile and a twinkle in her eye. Joy is what he felt when he wrestled with his dad. Joy is children jumping up and down when their dad or mom comes home from work or when they see their grandmother. Joy is a woman running to her husband returning from war. Joy is children playing, tumbling and giggling together. Joy is the smile we cannot help but share. Joy is so special that God offers joy as His reward rather than candy, jewelry, good looks, popularity, whiter smiles or faster internet access.
There is a good reason why God promises joy more often than He promises eternal life! Jesus lists joy as the reason for His teaching in John 17: 13NLT, "I am coming to you now, but I say these things while I am still in the world, so that they may have the full measure of my joy within them" .
Jesus also says joy is the reward for a godly life in Luke 6:23a NLT, "Rejoice in that day and leap for joy, because great is your reward in heaven".

A quick look at how our brain develops gives us a hint of why God
re­wards us with joy. Joyful interactions with our mothers, those who feed us, fathers, and other primary caregivers shape the structure, chemistry and function of the brain. The foundation of joy that is built in our first year of life profoundly influences our identity and relationships throughout our lifespan. Without joy as a foundation, many of the God-given capaci­ties we receive at birth will not develop, not become strong and will not be retained. The capacities and chemistry that we use as infants become the dominant systems for our brains. If we start our life in fear we will feel anxious about almost everything. But the brain is biased toward joy. Joy is our most powerful desire, and we are designed to seek joyful interactions automatically from birth. If we cannot find joy we may try hard to bury our desire, but we can never escape joy's power. God built us this way.
Joy makes us grow strong, loving relationships with other people. We love as a response to joy. Joy stimulates the growth of the identity region of our brains. We grow the strongest and most stable identity from those who show us joy.

Joy is a high-energy state for the brain. 'The practice of joy builds brain strength and the capacity to engage life with energy, creativity and endur­ance. In fact, the capacity for the brain to engage every intense or diffi­cult aspect of life develops out of joy. High-joy people are very resilient. High-joy communities are energetic and productive even in hard times. When we are empowered by joy, we are able to suffer, withstand pain and still maintain intact relationships with other people. Without joy, we view problems as "win or lose" situations, and solve problems by choosing the option that causes us the least amount of pain, usually at the expense of others. With joy, we are empowered to find creative, mutually satisfying solutions for problems, and love to create simply because we can. Dancing, gardening, feasting, celebrating, playing and other endless good things bubble up from joy ...
Joy is the excitement around the exchange of everything that is good for life. A short description of the biology of joy will find that infants respond with joy to being fed, held, and stroked. Pleasant smells, being kept at just the right temperature, smiles and warm voice tone bring joy. Babies respond with joy to being fed good things. This joy at being fed is designed to bond the baby and the feeder together. We will see later that when anything goes amiss we will become bonded to the food instead of the feeder and food becomes a joy substitute, but we are getting ahead of ourselves.

By delighting in relationships we create belonging around ourselves.
"Creating belonging" means that we continually create a joyful place for others to belong with us. When we create belonging, our joy extends an invitation for others to grow joy together with us. Joyful belonging grows relationships, seeks others and builds when others smile back. Creating belonging is the best indicator of maturity at any age. When we create belonging around us, we are growing a network of joyful relationships. Our "herd" (group) is connected and empowered by joy and seeks to invite others to share joy with us.
There are basically 3 different kinds of people: Predators, protectors, and possums that may be a part of our hurd. 

Protector: A protector is one who helps others to maintain their relational identities under pressure. (Not to be confused with a benevolent predator who attacks enemies but not in his or her own group.)
Protectors have strong joyful identi­ties that welcome others with joy and have tender hearts toward weakness. Protectors do not exploit weaknesses but instead help vulnerable herd members grow in joy. Protectors do not enable dysfunctional behavior but quickly protect the weak. When our herd has high-joy, the members tend to develop strong protector skills.

Predator: Someone who monitors weaknesses looking for a way to gain a personal advantage. All people have a predatory system inside their brain which develops with little to no training. Without training in relational skills and formation of secure bonds, everyone turns out predatory. Predator personality traits propagate easily and with little to no training.
Predators are the primary fear-based identities in the herd. Predators discover the weaknesses and vulnerabilities of others and exploit them. Predators use weaknesses to obtain or retain dominance in the food chain. Predators fiercely guard their positions and will hurt others in the herd if threatened. Predators also do their best to hide their weaknesses and appear strong to assure their positions. Predators are the most common product of low-joy herds.

Possum: Someone who thinks like a predator but does not want to act like a predator and lacks the skills to be a gentle protector. Avoiding attack becomes a possums’ central preoccupation, motivation, and even identity.
Possums are the second fear and anxiety-based identity found in low-joy herds. Possums do not occupy positions of dominance in the herd, and their identity is based primarily on avoiding being exploited by predators. Possums have usually been hurt in relationships and will do most anything to avoid being hurt again. Possums hide, avoid, minimize, withdraw and conceal their weaknesses as much as possible. Unfortunately for possums, their low-joy en­vironment creates weaknesses and vulnerabilities that are impossible to con­ceal. Predators on the prowl are likely to spot and exploit these vulnerabilities, leaving possums feeling ashamed, used and even more fearful.
In high-joy environments, protectors welcome others to their herd with joyful belonging. When protectors are rare it is a sign that our herd has low joy levels. When predators are plentiful and the possums are hiding, we can be sure that joy is low and headed lower.





Understanding joy, grace and shalom
It is important to notice that joy, grace and shalom are all members of one family. Joy is not the same thing as her sister Grace or her sister Sha­lom. Because the members of this family are so closely related, it is easy to be confused about who they are. Understanding this little biblical family helps us make sense of Bible teaching about joy, grace and shalom (peace).

In the Greek language of the New Testament, Joy and Grace are two forms of the same word. Grace is the third declension form and Joy is the first declension form. Joy is the response to Grace. Since most of us have not heard the word Grace except in the definition "unmerited favor," we can miss the connection. The best translation of Grace into English these days is not the old word "favor" but the word "special." Grace is therefore being really, really special to someone. "Unmerited" means "without hav­ing to work for it" so we are very, very special to someone without having to work for it. This is exactly what a baby receives from a loving family, total delight that the baby is very special just the way she or he is. No work by baby is required for smiles, coos, giggles, feeding and Joy. Joy is the response to being the really special one. These two go together, being very special without earning it and total Joy. God cares deeply about Joy. Joy is our response to God's Grace.
In the Psalms we find that God expects our response to God's Grace to be high-energy Joy!

While Joy is high energy, Joy's sister Shalom is quiet and low energy. We
are all rather weak and cannot sustain a high-energy state for long. God has so wired the brain that every experience of Joy calls for a time of rest to fol­low. It is an endless cycle: high-energy Joy followed by low-energy Shalom. One cannot live without the other. Remember how it feels to have wound up children in the room? We soon want a bit of quiet and rest. Shalom is that powerful rest that comes when we know everything is right. There is nothing to worry about. We are in the arms of one who loves us and he or she is in our arms. God offers Shalom as a reward for faithfulness almost every time Joy is mentioned. We find Shalom and Joy together in scripture as often as they are in the brain. We need to know that while they are always together, they are not the same. Huge errors in reading the scriptures come from mistaking one for the other.

How does weakness become essential to my joyful identity?
The best way to build my joyful identity comes by developing a tender heart toward weakness. This tender and joyful response comes from seeing
weakness as an opportunity to care.

Ed says, One of the greatest gifts I received from my parents was seeing their compassion. I watched my Mom care for her aunt who was paralyzed and mentally impaired from a stroke. Mom was the only family member who visited her weekly, brought her presents and cared for her. Mom happily included me in these visits. My grand­mother came to live with us while convalescing so my mom could help her. I remember the pain and compassion in my Dad's voice at dinner when he talked about the poor in Haiti. Having come to the US from Haiti in the 1940's, Dad knew how hard life could he. My dad could also fix just about anything. I remember him going out in the evening to help our neighbors or the parish priests by fixing a broken washing machine or television. Mom also volunteered at church and the rectory. I saw compassion in action as my parents took practical responsibility to help others. I learned to see people, lives and culture through eyes of compassion. I learned that I had a personal responsibility and the power to make a difference.
     Tenderness is not just an attitude toward weakness in others but a re­sponse to our own weakness as well. Why should we have a tender re­sponse toward weakness? Think about what we will find next to weakness. Future generations always arise out of young, weak and vulnerable ba­bies. Babies are weak but consider the joy they bring! Heavy loads of fruit weaken branches so they need support. Every area of growth first appears in weakness and vulnerability! Beauty is delicate and fragile. When we pick parts of plants for our vases we choose flowers, some of the weakest parts, thinking they are delicate and beautiful. Healthy cultures treasure wonderful, old people.

Pat is approaching 80 years old and accomplishes more than men half his age. His tenderness towards weakness ~as an incredible blessing af­ter Ed's major back surgery. Noticing"that Ed was not around, Pat asked Maritza, "Is there anything practical I can do to help you?" Maritza real­ized that she and Ed were running low on firewood. Pat smiled and im­mediately said, "I have some firewood. What size do you need it?" Maritza told him and he said he would deliver it soon.
A few days later, Pat arrived, wearing a huge smile, and asked where to put the wood. To make things easier for Pat, Maritza and Ed just told him to drop the load in the driveway and they would stack it. Instead, Pat said that he would stack the entire load by himself, and pretty soon, there was a stack of firewood ready for the stove. Pat's joy, smile and tender heart ' towards Ed's weakness were joyful blessings.
Joy levels build around people who respond warmly to weakness. An­ticipating a comforting response to our weakness lets us find help quickly. Problems do not get out of hand when weak people feel safe to seek help.

This anticipation of joy creates adaptability. Since shame is the opposite of joy, when we fear being shamed for our weakness we hide our problems.
Being vulnerable with shame helped Debbie stop a predatory pattern in her family. In her pastoral counseling with Ed, Debbie confided that her husband physically abused her. His physical and verbal abuse often occurred in front of their children. She felt fearful, overwhelmed and very ashamed. Ed and Debbie discussed different options available to her, but because her husband was not abusing the children, she chose the possum response of doing nothing.
One day Debbie came to Ed with tears in her eyes when, for the first time, her teenage son hit and pushed her, just like his father did. Her face was downcast, full of shame and sorrow. Debbie's worst nightmare had come true. She had tried to protect her children from the effects of the abuse, but the predatory pattern had now passed on to her son. Now, she did not know what to do.
As Ed felt her distress, he shared her sorrow and shame. Ed told Debbie how glad he was that she had shown her weakness. Slowly, Debbie was able to start asking Ed about her options, and as they brainstormed together, she became determined to take action. The next time Ed saw her, Debbie was smiling. She had followed up with a local domestic vio­lence program. After her work at the women's program, Debbie told both her husband and son that she would never again tolerate abuse in any form. She would call the police, pursue legal action and leave. She also invited them to join her in recovery. Debbie pursued her own recovery and never again reported a single incident of abuse. By risking shame and exposing her weakness, Debbie received a tender response, and with the help of many strong people, she was able to stop her preda­tors. Change happens quickly where the weak and strong are together. The response to a weakness will determine if that change is for the better
or for the worse.

Care for weakness propagates protector identities. As joy levels drop,
a culture turns toward decay and begins producing predators instead of protectors. In the absence of the transmission of joyful protector skills, everyone comes out a predator or a possum.

If weakness is bad we will hide our weaknesses and punish those who
show their weakness. Worse yet, we hide from God. The weak and the strong become enemies. The strong exploit the weak to keep them weak, and the weak try to make the strong weaker when they can. Revenge be­comes popular. Much violence is fueled by revenge.

Responses to weakness separate our the predators from the protectors. Both predators and protectors watch for weakness. For predators it is time to pounce, for protectors it is time to rest. For predators, weakness others is time to "get something," and for protectors it is time to “grow joy”. As predator patterns begin to define our identities, corporate culture and national norms, we are socialized to despise weakness. Joy drops around the strong. Taking advantage of weaknesses will make the strong fear and despised, as well as admired and glorified. The new "hope" becomes looking sexy so predators will propagate with us or help us become the top predator. The thrill of the hunt replaces joy.

What protectors do with weakness to build joy
Protectors respond to weakness and create joy in at least three ways.
First, protectors amplify every little bit of joy they find instead of amplifying the problems and upsets. In this way, low-joy starts to become high-joy.
Second, protectors notice when people are tired and let them rest. Weakness shows up as fatigue, overwhelm and getting tired. Protectors encourage the weak to go a bit farther and then let them rest until joy returns. This cycle of effort and rest builds trust and peace. We call this ability "shalom." Shalom respects the weakness in others and matches the work to what they can do.
The third way protectors respond to weakness is by sharing the distress caused by weakness, even when the protector induced the distress. The result is a bond that pain cannot break, and the relationship stays stronger than the problem. We call this ability "returning to joy" after something has gone wrong. Even when weakness results in failure or pain, it will not keep the weak and the strong apart.

The really good news is that no matter where we start, we can acquire
new joyful skills and bonds, as well as strengthen joy bonds that we already have. We can expand our capacity for joy and spread our joy to others. Now we take a look at the kinds of bonds and relationships that can help
us grow joy safely.

Growing joy with God: One of the places some of us start growing joy is
in our relationship with Jesus, who loves to share His joy, shalom, delight and life with us. Jesus has excellent joyful and gentle protector skills, and He is always glad to be with us. Because Jesus was fully human when He walked in low-joy Galilee 2,000 years ago, He completely understands the kinds of struggles each one of us has with joy. He knows what it feels like to be alone, deserted and rejected. He fully understands our failures and weaknesses and is ready to interact with us.

God actually thinks our relationship with Him is bigger and more important than our shortcomings, rebellion and deformities. He places a higher value on relationship, and restoring relationship with us, than He does on the problems we have. God knows that relationship with Him is the basis for overcoming our sins, transgressions and iniquities.
Jesus asks us to enter into relationship with Him by admitting our fail­ures and malfunctions to Him. This way, we agree with Jesus that we have fallen short of His design for our lives. Sin means that we are not fully reaching God's design and purpose. In other words, sin is a malfunction. Jesus promises that if we agree with Him about our malfunctions, He will restore us as we bond together in joy. He is faithful and just to forgive, cleanse and restore our joyful connection with Him. The cross makes all of this possible. Jesus did for us what we could never do for ourselves, and moved the problem of our malfunctions out of the way so that we could know His love, joy and delight! This is great news, because it means we can grow joy in our relationship with God.

Two-way joy bonds: People who are married or have a strong bond with
a family member or a close friend are uniquely positioned to begin grow­ing joy. Two-way bonds are the relationships where we can look deeply into someone's eyes, know what they are thinking and feel, "you are mine and I am yours." Two-way bond relationships are so exclusive they are fertile ground for powerful joy bonds.

Unfortunately, the powerful nature of two-way bonds also makes them very susceptible to exploitation of predators. 


Self-justification is the single most destructive threat to joy.
Strong self-justification is the largest threat to a joyful, multigenera­tional environment. To understand this threat we need to know the rela­tionship between joy and anti-joy in the brain. As our brains are wired, we respond with joy amplification to anyone who is glad to be with us. When someone is not glad to be with us, we feel the anti-joy emotion of shame. Healthy shame is how we learn from our mistakes that produce low-joy around us. As strange as it seems, little doses of healthy shame help us protect the joy in everyone around us and keep a high-joy environment. For example, in Shelia's classroom, she often has to correct students. One' day as she was teaching, and her students were taking notes, she observed Henry, who had his head buried in a book. She gently and privately asked Henry if he were keeping up with the note taking, since the information was critical to his understanding of Julius Caesar. Henry responded with a flushed face and a quick apology. He then closed the novel he was reading and began writing. Henry's sense of shame was not one where he suffered humiliation, but it was a kind reminder to return to the task at hand.
Some people who do not have the gentle protector skill of learning from healthy shame will reject all shame messages. In order to reject all shame messages, it is necessary to justify oneself and make everything someone else's fault. "You had it coming. No, you are the one who is in­sensitive. You are supposed to be a teacher. You should know better. You always want to be right. I would not react this way if you didn't ... " On and on the self-justification goes. The Bible calls this problem being "stiff-­necked" because when people accept healthy shame they hang their heads and those who justify themselves "stiff-neck" the situation. The current term is narcissism. One cannot tell narcissists that they have a problem or the narcissist will react like a predator and bite. Instead of showing shame, narcissists justify themselves. This self-justification destroys joy. In order to avoid the healthy shame message, a narcissist must pounce on a weakness in the other person. What follows is not a tender response to weakness, but the narcissist will justify the pouncing in many ways. By self-justification, the narcissist avoids learning an important lesson about how to grow joy around him or herself.

Self-justification is a form of trying to be strong and "have nothing wrong with me." Like all pseudo-strengths, refusing healthy shame kills joy, stops growth and destroys communities. Destruction will happen whether the self-justified, stiff-necked person is one of the weak or strong members of the community. We will look at examples of narcissistic lead­ers, but narcissistic followers destroy communities just as effectively. To stay in the t-Zone, the whole community needs to show a tender response to the weakness in others and learn from healthy shame messages about the things that do not bring joy.

Narcissists prey upon the weaknesses and vulnerabilities of others while concealing their own weaknesses. The late Libyan dictator Muammar Gaddafi was a predatory narcissist who raped girls and boys using them as sex slaves. He seemed to prefer school girls and told his victims he was now their father, brother and lover effectively trying to destroy their multigenerational bonds. We have no shortage of narcissists who take the helm of governments, schools, churches, businesses and families, though most go unnoticed.
In many cases, the narcissistic leader is rewarded while the weak bear the brunt of the cruelty. If predators do not freely receive power, they use manipulation, charisma, promises, even force to grab what they want.

BEEPS: In ministry settings, workaholic is often seen as an asset rather than a serious joy deficit. Alcohol, sex, especially internet pornography, and food are BEEPS that can be concealed.
The systems we create as predators are deeply rooted in the abuse of power. We kill joy by compromising the entire mission of our family, church, school or community. Joyful relationships and forgiveness are overshadowed by our raw use of selfish power and ambition. As powerful narcissists and predators, we justify ourselves as we pursue our own agenda while using others to achieve our goals. We use the mission to ignore rela­tionships. We decorate our mission with the language of the Bible, educa­tional goals, test scores and core values concealing how relationships have become secondary, leaving others strangely miserable and confused.
Our BEEPS, abuse of power and exploitation will be exposed when stress levels are high enough. Exposure brings disrepute to the mission of the entire group. Marriage failures, addictions, improper sexual relation­ships, lawsuits, inability to resolve relational conflicts and other scandals damage the mission we have cherished. People deemed "guilty by associa­tion" are discredited even though they were not part of the predatory sys­tem. There is no need to describe the many high-profile leaders, parents, pastors, teachers and mission organizations that have failed under self-jus­tified leaders. As predators we kill joy.

What possums do with weakness that kills joy
On the surface, it would seem that the greatest possum needs would be healing, restoration and protection. As possums, we have a knee-jerk reac­tion to weakness. Despite a true need for healing, these knee-jerk reactions undermine the possibility of  “I’m glad to be with you" relationships.
Possums want control: As possums, although we play dead we still want power and control. While we lack overt power, we use whatever control we can find to avoid being eaten and to recover from attacks. Our control is disguised but pain-driven.
As possums we become highly toxic through our pain-driven attempts at control. Our brains are natural amplifiers of emotions, and when they are not loaded with joy, they amplify distress. We vent our pain, frustra­tion and betrayal to others. When we gain control, we use it on children or other vulnerable people. Sadly, as possum parents our children often bear the brunt of our control, frustration and anger. As possum teachers, who have worked for years in fear-based and performance-driven school systems, we may find that the only place to wield power and control is over the children in our classroom. Whenever we use manipulation and guilt to playoff the sympathies of others, we become toxic. Problems become much larger than relationships.
Our possum demands for attention, healing and relationship over­whelm others who might otherwise be glad to be with us. This emotional intensity and neediness makes it unlikely that we will find the joyful, heal­ing connections we crave. And, because we do not realize we are over­whelming others, our emotional neediness, clingy dependency and rela­tional desperation is more than other people can handle. Our intensity kills joy.

Problems become more toxic when we combine our possum-weakness with a "victim mentality." With a victim mentality we see ourselves as permanent casualties in life with little power to do anything but suffer. As possums with this view of the world we see ourselves as permanent and perpetual victims. We lose our joy-starting potential.

Possums often use rejection to kill joy: Having our weakness used against us reveals the power of rejection. By junior high school, most children learn how to gain power over others. Once we begin to fear rejection, we are likely to use rejection to gain power. We use rejection to protect our­selves and gain distance from threatening people. We are prone to reject the people who could cause us attachment pain which are the very people we like. We kill joy when we create rejection instead of belonging around ourselves.

Possums confuse playing dead with joy: As possums we lower joy by mis­taking the lack of pain with joy and shalom. Perhaps' dad or mom was in a good mood and did not beat me today. Maybe the people at school just ignored me and did not do anything to tease or humiliate me. However, escaping attack is not the same as the joy we feel when someone is glad to be with us.

Possums can have BEEPS: Possum life can be quite painful. As pain increases, so do our chances of developing strong attachments to BEEPS. Because we tend to have weaker coping skills than predators, our use of BEEPS is noticed quickly by predators. Our BEEPS will be used against us. These predatory responses and our use of BEEPS kill joy.

Every culture dislikes weakness, so do the weak
As soon as pointing out weakness helps us gain the upper hand, it seems almost everyone is willing to participate. Here is a way to win, to motivate, to get revenge, to distract and escape, or to "level the playing field.”

Religious beliefs suppress certain skills and parenting fads often shift whole groups of children. When everyone around us has the same cards missing, we never guess our identity could be otherwise. When we are the only ones who seem to be missing skills we entertain deep doubts about our value.
The identity transfer process shapes the brain's relational circuits and functions responsible for developing our identity. Any errors or missing components of identity will disrupt the function of our brain's relational circuits so we no longer understand our identities and relationships the way God intended. The restoration of the function of our relational cir­cuits is accomplished by learning to perceive God and interact with others.

God's joyful presence restores our identities
Many of our abilities are never developed because no one activated them. One of the brain benefits of our spiritual and religious life is to activate parts of our identity that would otherwise get lost. All major religions do this in differing ways. All major religions promote belonging. Con­fucian philosophy heavily stresses multigenerational community, respect, loyalty and care for the values of the past. Buddhists practice quieting skills. Islam and Judaism activate and restore group skills.
As the world's largest religion, Christianity has the greatest potential to restore joyful identity together with a history of not doing so. The sheer number of Christians is a force that should not be wasted. Combine the numbers with Jesus' statement that high-joy is the reason for His teaching, and we find over two billion people with a mandate to be joy starters. Joy­ful, sustainable recovery suits the Christian mission.
Jesus expected people to bond with Him in high-joy ways and spread the joy of a joyful God. Joy was the reward. Christians were to lavish joy on all around them especially their low-joy enemies.

What happened to our joyful identity?
Many Christians and their children have noticed that the things of God do not move them, leave them flat and even lower their joy. For about the last 400 years the church has tried to restore Christian char­acter through education, right beliefs and right choices. This would be similar to trying to restore my children to speaking Norwegian by set­ting standards for speaking Norwegian and explaining these rules care­fully to my family. You should speak without an accent. You should use proper vocabulary. You should have correct grammar. You should answer quickly when addressed by others. You should explain yourself clearly and truthfully at all times. I think we all can understand those rules. However, does that make us a Norwegian speaking family?
In the same way, Christians have worked for hundreds of years to perfect exactly what we should believe and the standards we should meet with our lives only to find that few other Christians agreed with them, and no one could actually live up to the standards. Christians have applied several explanations to this failure: 1) more faith
is required than what we have, 2) God makes the change through a filling of the Spirit we still lack, 3) we must discipline ourselves in greater obedience to God, 4) we are hopelessly sinful and fallen and only God's mercy will save us in the end, so we can only repent as regularly as possible and 5) Bible standards are nice ideals with little practical application other than to direct our dreams and hopes. We have painted pictures of Good Samaritans helping the poor and tried to improve our attitudes about the people begging money on freeway on-ramps. While we know we should love our enemies, we look at them with fear and are relieved when they go away or get defeated. Because of the lack of real character change, many simply leave the church. Many who stayed in the church struggle with low joy while others are phony or unpleasant.
By the time I was eighteen I was so sure that Christianity was not working for me that I briefly threw it all out. I had developed a nice Christian mask to hide behind, and it was actually the mask that started me toward God because I was afraid to stop pretending. Soon the pres­sure of trying to act Christian without believing it really began to bother me so I decided to do something I had never done. Instead of acting like everyone around me, I would read the New Testament and only do what it said there. If there was a God it should work and if not I would escape when I could. As I read through the New Testament three things showed up over and over. First, interact with God about everything. Second, do nothing from fear. Third, love people deeply. I had said many prayers but never interacted with God that I could remember. I did everything from fear. What I feared most was loving people.
This was not going to go smoothly as my actual life was nothing like what I was reading, but it all hinged on whether I could interact with God about everything. In my mind the question was whether God would interact with me at all. I began by talking out loud toward the ceiling like I would with a person and then stopping to listen and notice what came to my mind. I was both surprised and skeptical as things popped into my mind. I noticed that certain thoughts did not make sense at first but then became profound and created shalom as things fit together in ways I had never thought before. Indeed these changes made me less fearful and more willing to love people deeply.
It was right at this time that I met Kitty and we did not like each other at first. Let me say, she really did not like my mask and I often still carried it around. I likewise did not like her mask. Since I was getting dose to people to test what I was reading about loving people, I also talked with God about my experiences with the woman. It was also the 60s and love meant "if you love me you will sleep with me." One day the thought came to me that this "test of love" was more a case of fear as many of the women were sleeping with boyfriends because they were afraid of losing them otherwise. As Kitty and I became more serious, I told her that if I ever tried to sleep with her before marriage it would be the proof she needed that I loved my desires more than her. My interactions with God were producing signs of a gentle protector in me. Although I was very Iowan human examples, when I would interact with God and get God's thoughts about people, my responses to others began to change. God was building something into me that would become stronger every time I practiced with others. I was becoming a person I had never seen, but the closer I got to people, the more painfully obvious it became that many relational skills were missing.

I took the class at the university. It was hard but I passed. What helped me succeed was watching and learning from the example of stronger students I happened to meet. These students could manage their shame states, although I did not understand at the time what they knew that I did not. Their joyful examples gave me strength in my areas of weakness. I found adults to care, listen and attune with me about my struggles. Tender responses helped me feel seen and validated so I no longer felt alone. People told me stories about times they felt shame and showed me how they could rest in the middle of their upset, even finding joy. I learned to quiet my big feelings. Over time I acquired both of my missing gentle protector skills, which gave my brain the training required for successful recovery. I even discov­ered Immanuel was with me during painful shame moments growing up. To this day it still surprises me that I have absolutely no problems speaking in front of people and groups. Shame is merely a bump in the road compared to the endless pothole it used to be, which caused me to relationally "bottom out." I feel shalom instead of panic when I encounter shame and recover much faster than ever before. Now I ac­tively train my two sons how to feel shame and recover to joy so they do not have to experience the years of anguish that I endured. Having two boys under the age of three gives me a lot of opportunities to practice the skills so they learn each one. I find it ironic that my only challenge with public speaking these days involves keeping my talks within the time frame allotted, as my tendency is to run over!

How joyful brain skills shape my relational identity
Joy is a mutual-mind state. A mutual state is created, developed and sustained by two minds being securely connected to each other in spite of the emotions at play. In a mutual mind state we feel so deeply understood that our mind allows the other mind to tell us who we really are, resulting in a settled sense of security. Creating a joyful identity requires ongoing practice.

Joy is our natural state; it creates our identity; it is the basis for bond­ing and joy is what gives us our strength. Joy strength develops through an actual brain structure that is formed and grown in loving relationships. Joyful bonds create our ability to act like our true selves when we must face pain. The strength of our brain's joy structures sets the limits on how much we can stand before we start into a trauma breakdown. But it is not simply a matter of strength, our endurance is also a matter of skill. If someone

Now let us see if we can tie together a whole series of things we have learned. First, we are all born weak and unskilled into families that have some skills but not others. Every time there has been some kind of trauma to our ancestors, there is a corresponding likelihood that gentle protector skills were lost. Each time skills were lost, we were left with more of our predator brain structure exposed. Because it requires less skill and training, the predatory brain will propagate every time protector skills are lost. As predators increase, our cultures fail to respond tenderly to weakness and joy levels drop.

What protectors do with weakness to propagate joy skills
Protectors generally approach others by showing them a weakness first.
They do it so smoothly that most people never notice simply because pro­tectors are so fearless and unconcerned about their weakness. At the same time, protectors keep the attention on the other person. For example, when Jesus approached the Samaritan woman at the well, as a powerful man who could change her life, the woman met a hungry and thirsty trav­eler who needed the water the woman could provide. We have all watched powerful leaders sit down to listen saying, "1 need help understanding something. I wonder if you could explain ... " and they present their need to understand, exposing that they do not know everything they need to know. The weaker member has something of value to contribute.
Protectors also invite others to give shame messages about why they might not be so glad to be together. "Tell me what you don't like about me, this situation or what I control," opens the door once trust has been started. Some predators also use this strategy to eliminate discontent so there is often fear in telling a strong person what we do not like. This is why the transparency of the protector is crucial to any progress. Gentle protectors are known for their transparency. Protectors present themselves in vulner­able ways that expose weaknesses they could just as easily kept hidden.

Protectors speak about the importance of the relationship and group identity more than they speak about problems. Let's say Camp Crabtree has a problem with the cooks. A protector will start with something like, "We are the cooks who determine how appreciative these campers will feel when they think back on Camp Crabtree," and after telling them the problem say, "we are the kind of people who care about these things." We have called this a relational sandwich. At the center of protection is remembering that we protect relationships from problems that steal our joy and shalom.

The returning to joy skill involves six different emotions
We may recall that the brain is wired for six unpleasant emotions that we will amplify or avoid if we do not know how to ride them back to joy.
These emotions are sad, afraid, angry, ashamed, disgusted and hope­less.
The skill of "returning to joy" must be practiced with each of the six emotions individually. Without learning to return to joy, everyone is dangerous when they are upset. Some will pounce and some will withdraw but both cause damage. The best we can do without this skill is warn the people we love. “Don’t make me upset!” and “Don’t go there!” A gentle protector knows how to return to joy and will tenderly help others if one or both of them have any of the six emotions. If we use sad­ness as an example, when a gentle protector sees someone who is sad, he or she will want to come close, understand, validate and comfort the sad person. The protector will feel an active pull inside to draw close even if the protector is also sad.

Anger is a more difficult member of the six emotions. Still, a gentle protector who knows how to ride anger back to joy will see someone who is angry and want to come close, understand, validate and comfort the angry person. This would be true even if the protector was angry. If we do not know how to return to joy from anger, this example will not make any sense. Inside we will feel that we should get away from angry people or keep others away when we are angry because anger leads to hurt not joy. For the untrained brain this fear is valid. Without training, anger will lead us to propagate predator and possum patterns rather than joy. It is not uncommon for people to find their mind refuses to believe that anger can be anything but dangerous.

Someone who has learned the return to joy skills will be able to main­tain a keen interest in seeing the other person the way God sees him or her, reaching shalom and experiencing God's presence during the anger. The protector will feel like a resource and value the relationship while ac­tively engaging with the angry person. However, if the angry person does not recover relational circuit operation, protectors will also take action to prevent and reduce harm to everyone if possible. This is like dealing with an out of control driver. Being careful does not mean we must be afraid of cars, only that there are times to get out of harm's way and times to become safer drivers.
Among the six unpleasant emotions is one called shame. Shame is anti­-joy. Shame is what we feel when people are not glad to be with us. Shame is pain warning us when we do not act like ourselves. We do not have joy when someone fails to be their real self. Let us say someone starts to speak to us in a nasty way. We are disgusted and they feel shame which teaches them that their true self was not speaking. We can have joy helping them find their true self again because, with Immanuel's help, we can still see who they really are.

Toxic shame is a failure to see someone’s true self. We tell them lies about who they really are, "You are a total liar." We mistake their malfunc­tion for their identity. Toxic shame also develops when we give appropri­ate shame but prevent return to joy for longer than a minute. We quickly become weak without joy, and to keep someone from returning to joy for more than one minute, is not a gentle and tender response to their weakness. Many people withhold joy and relationship to create attach­ment pain so they can get their way and stay in control. This is a predatory response and not tenderness to the weaknesses of others.

As we have learned, people who refuse to receive shame are called narcis­sists, or in the language of scripture, "stiff-necked" because they refuse to show shame. Most narcissists use their anger and contempt for weakness to control the people around them. Narcissists want to be treated as though they always bring joy even though they do not. Any group that cannot return to joy from shame will eventually be destroyed by a narcissist.

Many cultures have developed from low-joy roots where shame was something to avoid rather than a road back to joy. In these cultures few people have the skill of returning to joy from shame. Just for fun, let us say we came from a shame-avoidance culture. No one we know would even guess there is a skill we can use to return to joy from shame. Our whole culture works very hard to avoid shame. We often use the fear of shame to control behavior in others as well as ourselves. Avoiding shame now pow­ers much of life and shapes our values. It will be a delicate job raising joy levels and still protecting the values in our culture.

What do we mistake for return to joy
People who disconnect emotionally look as though they are handling things relatively well so it is easy to mistake disengaging for return to joy. An absence of distress on the outside does not mean someone knows how to return to joy from their upsetting emotions. People with dismissive at­tachment patterns think everything is fine as they isolate in the cloud and various hobbies. "Settle down! Quit overreacting!" they will say to make the distress someone else's problem. Once distress is past or bearable again, they come up for air and interact. When dismissive individuals interact with protectors who have return to joy skills, there is a delightful discovery that emotions will not smother or swallow them. They no longer need to avoid or minimize distress, rather, they learn to share emotions and return to joy.
Taking care of other people and smiling is also not the same as return­ing to joy from distress. Trying to appear happy is not the same as return­ing to joy. Pressing other people to help us feel better is not returning to joy. Protectors who use the gentle protector skills can disarm the fear that drives a false self Protectors help those who are accustomed to using other people to help them feel better return to joy, rather than appear happy ..
Fear of rocking the boat to make sure no one gets mad IS not returning to joy. Individuals who are afraid will placate, people-please and work dili­gently to ensure the relational boat does not tip over lest someone falls into the waters of distress. Fearing upset leads to stuffing emotions and hiding what we really feel. On the outside this looks like strength and stability. Joyful people who quickly return to joy from distress do not fear distress or upset because it does not last. Interaction and training from a protector who has the return to joy skills brings strength and trust. The protector is consistency, emotional availability and non-anxious presence creates the sturdy bond to grow new skills.

Returning to joy
Since joy means being glad to be together then returning to joy is what we need when something goes wrong at home, school and in church. Once someone is upset with us we need to know how to restore the relationship back to joy so we can solve the problem together.

Returning to joy at church

There is one last chance to return to joy if our family and school did not teach us and that is at church. Jesus said, "These things I have spoken to you, that My joy may remain in you, and that your joy may be full" John 15:11NKJV. Surely if there is any place in the world that builds JOY and knows the ways back to joy it will be the church and its people. Joy starts here with Jesus, His mission and all His followers. In fact, we would be right to guess that the main point of this book is to remind the 2.2 billion Christians in the world that joy starts with us. Christians are the larg­est religious group and almost one third of the world's population. If all Christians were joy starters, we would only have to reach two people each to have the whole world full of joy. Joy is the birthright of the followers of Jesus and the deepest desire of the human brain.
Joy should catch fire if we could learn to 1) build joy, 2) return to joy when something goes wrong and 3) see others the way that God sees them. These are just three of the nineteen brain skills we develop through the Life Model[3].

Interactive presence of God: Interactive moments and memories with God involve those times when we are aware of both God and our­selves. Contrast this with many religious experiences where people are aware of what they consider God and are not aware of them­selves. Interactive moments with God involve unexpected thoughts, pictures, ideas, words and awareness that change us. During interac­tive moments, we are not trying to imagine what God would say, do or be like. When carried to completion, genuine interaction results in a relational sense of understanding, shalom and love from God. A moment of interactive presence is not to be confused with knowing God is there, believing in God, loving God, study of scripture or prayer, although these may be part of the moment.








[1] E. James Wilder, Edward M. Khouri, Chris M. Coursey and Shelia D. Sutton – Shepherd’s House

[2] The LIFE Model is, as its name implies, a model for life, from conception to death. It is an idealized model, that is to say, it proposes what life should be like, as supposed to merely describing what life on earth generally produces. In short, the LIFE model proposes that in order to thrive people need five things: 1. A place to belong. 2. To both receive and give life. 3. The capacity to recover from malfunctions. 4. Maturation. 5. To stay true to their identities.
[3] Immanuel approach: This term (also called the Immanuel process) was created by Charlotte and Karl Lehman, M.D. to describe a counseling prayer method designed to resolve many forms of emo­tional distress linked to incompletely processed experiences. Key to the Immanuel process are the beliefs that 1) God is always with us, 2) God actively interacts with people about their lives, 3) connect­ing with God should come before focusing on an upsetting experi­ence and 4) that full processing of an experience requires both the upset and the relationship with God to be active in the mind at the same time. More can be discovered in the many DVDs and websites by the Lehmans, kclehman.com, immanuelapproach.com and oursmartingyourself.org. The book Outsmarting Yourself by Dr. Lehman is an excellent resource on the Immanuel process approach.
Immanuel experience: The expansion of the Immanuel Approach out­side of the therapeutic experience was carried on spontaneously by a variety of people who first went through the Immanuel approach in counseling. The Immanuel experience of being aware of God's interactive presence proved to be helpful in building joy, keeping shalom during the day, providing guidance, improving relationships as well as dealing with upsets. While first described in retrospect by Dr. Karl Lehman, the Immanuel experience was developed into a self-propagating format by Dr. Jim Wilder who added a story telling conclusion to the experience. Telling the Immanuel story improves our ability to incorporate the changes we experience and propagate the Immanuel Lifestyle to others.